Infant&#39;s bathing and dressing stand



Feb. 5, 1952 w. SCHWARTZ INFANTS BATHING AND DRESSING STAND 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 14, 1947 ([O/VA/PD WJCHWARTZ ATTORNEY Feb. 5, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 14, 1947 INVENTOR. ZfO/VA/PD WSCHWA/PTZ A 7'TOPNE Y L. W. SCHWARTZ INFANTS BATHING AND DRESSING STAND Feb. 5, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed April 14. 1947 INVENTOR. ZfO/VARD W JCY/WAAV'Z ATTORNEY w. SCHWARTZ 2,584,744

INFANT'S BATHING AND DRESSING STAND Feb. 5, 1952 Filed April 14, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 E6. 113, L f BY ATI'OFNEY iatented Feb. 5, 1552 UNITED 2,584,744 7 V INFANT.SYBATHING-AND DRESZSIINGV STAND I Leonard W. Schwartmfinrietta,

Application April 14;. 1947,, SeriahNoe'MlJTlt- 1.. The; presentinvention relates to foldingtype infant's bathingdevices and particularly; to a.

folding stand having both a bathtub and" a dressing: support. More. specifically the invention relates to a folding stand. in which the dressing:

supportis adapted; to, overlie the bathtub when inuse and is adaptedto be out of the way when thebathtubisbeing employed, and in WhlChcfOOt' treadles or: similar. operating devices are provided to permit. movement. of: the, dressing, support both into and out of position foruset Several different forms of folding type infantfs bathing: devices areuknown... Usually, the 'tubgis madeof canvas or some. suitable flexible: waterproof materia1;..and:fo1ds whenxthe stand iSfOl-dl" ed. After they have beenxused for. some time, these; tubs" develop cracks and leaks. with repeated folding; andhave frequent]y'to bereplaced..

III-some types of: stands the support, on which.

the infant may be laid while dressing it, issin'the form of a rigid frame with afiexibletop, and this:

dressing support or table has: to bemoved bodily from an inactive position at the rear andbehind.

the -tub to an active position overlying. thetubi. Such atable isawkward and cumbersome to.han:-.-

dle' and insome instances positively dangerous,

for, if the foot treadie, which. operatestitwere to.

be accidentally-tripped while an infant was in the tub; the frame of the table might strike the in-' fant on the head and injure it seriously; In other.

types of stands, the dressing support is in. theform of a flexible sheet-Which is supported at its front and rear and is stretched tooverlie-the tub for use and is fiopped-over'the back of the stand whennot in use.

Ordinarily, a guard is provided at the-back of the'sta-nd at the top thereofto-prevent thebaby from rolling off the dressing table whenthetable is being used, and commonly pockets are provided in the guard for talcum powder, safety pins, and

similar infant accessories. With known types of stands, the guard and whatever accessories arecarried thereon, are" inaccessible when th'e' dress? in'g table is not in use, and cannot be used whenthebaby isin the-tub. r

Some previous types offolding standshavetbeen. equipped with towel racks, but'the space-available:

for towels is quite limited; For this. reason it has been customary for the parent. to purchase; a socalled utility stand as a separate article of furniture' for use as an accessory to the infants bathing. device. Extra towels, diapers, etc. are placed. on thisutility stand to be; accessible to the mother in dressing the baby.

One object of thepresent invention. to provide a" folding infant's bathing stand: havingv asupport on which the baby may be are whitewis being. dressed, which will be completely safe and, with which; any possibiiity'ofi'tlie baby being injured by the dressing'suppo'rt falling onit' a eliminated entirely:

Another objectofi'the invention is to providea device ofthe character describedin whiclr the:

dressingfsupportyis constructed. as to be compact" andr'completelyl out. of. the way" when th'etub: being used.

Another object of theinventionis to provideja dressing support: which. can'v quickly" and? easily: be

manipulated by foot treadlesito move. it; to and? from positionfon use.

A further obj'ect'of' the invention to provide a. device of. the ,charactercdescribed in which the" dressingsupport is. so constructed and? mounted that the guard andlthevarioustoilet articlesand accessories-v carrieithereons will readily be acces= sible to the mother both when the tub is in use and. when thedressing. support is in use.

Another object of the invention is to.v provide.

a.;dr,essing..support for. a. deviceof the. character described which, is soconstructed' thati't. will-be which will be: much; mere: rigid in: construction;

than any deviceroft thienature heretiwfcre: built;.

and which at; th'e -same-timeivvill be relatively iii? 4 expensive.

A still firrther objectl oftheinventioiriszto: ro-

videa-fblding type infantfst bathing. stand; which the tub may bv constructed ofsiai lightwei'ghtmetal'; sucnas aluminum;- andawillwnevere" wear out;

Another object'- of'thc invention is -toprOvidea folding"typeinfants'bathingf stand which the tub d'etachablefrom the stand and transportable', so th'atit can be lifted cutoff the stand andc'arrie'dfto a tdflllit ortc' emptyit, and the necessity for. usmgiseparatefillingor empty in'g. vesselsv is obviated.

Other, obj ects'of the invention willb'e apparent;

hereinafter from the specificatibmandTfi'orn:the?

recital of the, appendedclaiin's."

rack at one end of the stand in operative position;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of one of the towel and diaper racks;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary frontelevational view I and Fig. 6 a fragmentary side elevation view, on an enlarged scale, showing one of the foot treadles intwo different positions "and illustrating its operation; I

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary perspective view on an enlarged scale, showing a detail of the structure of the legs of the supporting stand;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary sectional view on an enlarged scale on the line 8-'8 of Fig. 2, showing further details of theleg structure and of the mounting of one of the clips which holds the free endof one of the 'towelracks, when the stand is folded;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view and Fig. 10 is a section on an enlarged scale, showing further details of the structure of the legs and of the way the cross-rods, which connect the legs, are secured thereto;

Fig'. 11' is a side'elevation, with parts broken away, of a folding stand made according to another embodiment of this invention;

Fig. 12 is'a side elevation; showing this stand folded; and

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the tub used with this s'tand.' Y

Referring nowparticularly to the modification of theinvention shown in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, the device'includes a foldable stand comprising a pair of front legs and a-pair of'rear legs 2|. The legs are pivotally-connected intermediate their ends by a longitudinally extending rod or bar 22. 'The front legs 20 are connected at their upper ends by a longitudinally extending rod or bar 24, and adjacent their lower ends by a longitudinally extending rod or-bar'25. The rear legs are connected at their'upper ends by a longitudinally extending rod or bar 26 and adjacent their lower ends by a longitudinally extending rod or bar 21. The tub 30, which in this embodiment of the invention is made of rubber orcanvas, or other suitable .water-proofmaterial, is adapted to be suspended in the usual mannerfrom the bars 24 and 26.

The support 35, on. which the infant may be placed while it is being dressed, comprises a piece of. flexible, water-proof material, such as canvas or rubberized fabric. This, is secured at one end to a rod 36 which is mounted in the legs 20 of the supporting structure above the bar 24 which carries the rearend of the tub 30. This rod 36 is built like a curtain rod or roller with an internally mounted spring (not shown) so as to automatically wind the flexiblesupport 35 upon it. The forward end of the flexible support 35 is looped around and secured to a rod 31 which is journalled in the upper ends of two parallel arms 38 that are pivotallyjmounted at their lower ends on the longitudinal'b'ar 22. j

The support 35, when in use, adapted to overfull lines.

lie the tub 30, as shown in Fig. 1. When the tub is being used, however, the support 35 is wound up on the roller 36 and the tub is completely clear. To remove the support 35 from rolled-up position to extended position and vice versa, foot treadles 39 and 40 are provided. The foot treadle 39 is made of fiat stock, which is bent, as denoted 41 (Fig. 6), over the bar 25 and has a downwardly extending leg 42, which is bent around a rod 44. The rod 44 is secured at opposite ends to the legs 45 of the U-shaped foot treadle member 40. These legs 45 are bent outwardly at their upper ends and secured in the links 46 of two folding braces 50, whose other links are denoted at 41. The links 46 and 41 of each brace are pivotally connected to one another by means of pin 48. Each link 46 is pivotally connected at its front end at 49 (Fig. 2) to one arm 38 intermediate the ends of that arm, and each link member 41 is pivotally connected at its rear end by means of a pin 51 to the leg 20 intermediate the bar 22 and the bar 24.

Fig. 1 shows the stand opened up with the dressing support 35 extended over the tub for use. The braces 50 are extended and serve to prevent collapse of the support under the weight of the infant, lugs 52 being provided on each link member 46 to engage the cooperating link 47 to prevent the braces from folding.

To roll up the dressing support 35, the mother only needs to step on the foot treadle 39. This will move the foot treadle from the full-line position shown in Figs. 5 and 6 to the dotted-line position 39' of that figure, causing the braces 50 to fold, and allowing the spring in the roller 36 to automatically wind-up the dressing support 35. Fig. 2 shows the support partially wound up in dotted lines and completely wound up in In the movement of the dressing support to wound up position, the legs 45 of foot treadle move from the position shown in Fig. 1 through the dotted-line position of Fig. 2 to the full-line position of the latter figure. The several parts are denoted in dotted lines by the same reference numerals as employed in full lines except that the numerals are primed.

To extend the dressing support again, the mother need only step on the treadle 46 which is at the moment in the full-line position shown in Fig. 2. At this time, the legs of treadle 40 bear on .bar 22, and as the treadle 40 is stepped on, the bar 22 is initially a fulcrum for the arms 45. As the treadle 40 is further pressed down, the treadle and its legs 45 are moved forwardly from the position shown in full lines in Fig. 2 through the dotted-line position in Fig. 2 to the full-line position of Fig. 1, during the course of which movement the arms 38 will be moved from the fullline position shown in Fig. 2 through the dottedline position shown in that figure to the full-line position shown in Fig. 1. Thus, with a folding stand built according to this invention, the mother or nurse can hold the infant with both hands while employing her foot to cause the dressing support to be moved to extended position or to be rolled up.

The length of sheet 35 is selected so that when it is extended, braces in their fully open position will stretch it taut. Thus, sheet 35 provides a suitable support on which the infant may be placed while it is being dressed or undressed.

Mounted in the upper ends of the legs 20 are the downwardly projecting legs 55 of a frame whose upper portion is bent rearwardly as denoted at 56. This frame carries the guard 51 and a shelf at. Various tenet and bath accessories may- placed on the? shelf 58 It will be noted that these are available-to the motheror nurse, both WhiIetheinfa-nt being'bathed and while it is being'dressed, for the dressing; support 35 rolls up entirely out" of the way beneath guard 51* when the tub 30 is in use;

The usual towel rack 60 (Fig. I-) maybe se cured -inthe upper ends of the legs 21. In addi non, however, I have provided with the presentinvention auxiliary side racks 65 (Figs. 3 and 4-) on which may -be'- carried a complete supply of towels, diapers; and baby clothing. There are two= of these auxiliaryracks, one ateach end oi the stand. The right-hand rack-only is'shown in the drawin s; but-the two racksmay be identical inconstruction except-that" one will be right-hand and? the other left-hand; Each consists of a U--shaped frame one leg; 66 of which is longer than the other leg 67. The-free ends of the legs Stand- 61 are adaptedtobe inserted, when the standis open, in elongated holes formed in the ends'of therods Z4 and 2-5; respectively. The ends of the legs 66 andE-il are turned upwardly; asde noted at 68' and 69,- respectively, the upturned ends servingas stops to prevent complete withdrawal of the racks from the supporting stand: unless the racks are first rocked upwardly. The shorter leg 61 of each raclris withdrawn first. This per'mits the rackto be swung down to inoperativeposition, when the stand is folded, that is, to the position denoted at 55' in dotted-lines inFig. 3; V

Keepers 12, each of which has a hole- 13 in its free end, are'secured to the legs 20 and 2| at their. pivot points, asw-ill be described further hereinafter. The leg 6 of each-rack is adapted to be slid-into a hole 13 to hold the rack in inoperative position. This is the position: occupied by the racks 65- when the stand is folded.

Mounted to slide on the legs 66 andii'l of each rack 65: are a plurality ofparallel cross-rods or bars 10. The rods or bars. sliding-along the legs, permit virtually complete telescoping of the racks into the legs of the stand when the stand is folded. Thus, the racks may be completely out of the way. When the stand is open, however, and the twolegs 66 and 61 of the racks are engaged in the-two bars 24'? and 25, each rack can be pulled out until upturnedend 69 of leg 61 stops the outward movement. When-rods 1c are separated. then, all the towels and diapers re-. quired can be suspended on the racks. The, racks 65 together with shelf 53' (Fig; 1) render. unnecessary the procurement of aseparate: utility stand. Moreover, when the stand is open and the legs 66 and 61 of' the racks are engaged in the bars 24;- and 2B, the racks act-as auxiliary meansfor holding thestand in its open position, and for preventing possible collapse of the stand. A pair of chains I20. each .of which is'secured at opposite ends to the legs 20 and 2| of. a pair, prevent the stand from being opened too far.

Cne feature'of the present invention isthe1c0nstruction of the stand or frame. itself. it much more rigid, sturdyiconstruction has been provided then in devices of this character as previously built.- Thelegs of a stand built according-t0 the preferred embodiment ofthis invention are made of sheet metal. stamped into shape and welded together and-thecross-bars can be'made of seamless tubing welded to. the legs; In the preferred construction; each leg comprises two pieces of sheetmetal 80- and 8| (Figs. 7, 8.and9)-. The pieces 81 are reversely bent tozform tfwo-a ribs 82- and 84' and an intermediate central depression or channel 85'. The sides: of' the-ribs converge slightly toward their tops. The lateral ends of the piece 81 are bent backwardly t'o U-shapeb'as denoted at 86 and- 87, respectively. The piece 80 'is 'generally fiat,-but has itslateral ends 88 and 8'8 also bent over one another inwardly into U'-= shape so that they can be interfitted with the U-'-sh'aped portions 86 and 810i a meshing piece- 81:, andthe two pieces 89 and 8| of a leg telescoped into one another.

Fig. 8 shows the structure at the point-of pivot of two ofthe legs. Between the two legs there is interposed a circular washer 95 and the kee er 12 which, asabove-described, is used to hold one of the towel racks when the stand" is folded; This keeper is formed with a rib 96 which 'is shaped. to:fit into the depression or channelin' thepart 8| of the leg 20. The two legs areconn'ected by: a headed pivot stud: 9'5; A Washer 98' is in terposed between the fiat side'of the leg 20 andthe nut 99 which threads onto this pivot. stud. The pivot stud itself threads into the solidcylin" drical pivot bar 22' and a washer ma is inter-. posed between the nut 99 and the adjacent end of the bar.

The bars 24, 26, 25 and: 21' are preferably made of seamless tubing which is welded to the .legs'. Figs. 9 and 10 show the upper end of oneleg 2| and how the bar 26 is secured thereto. The other. bars are connected at their two ends to the legs in this same manner. The side piece 89. of the legisstamped or pressed to form a reinforcingbeading H16 and a centering collar I01. The tube 26 is adapted to be slipped over this collar I01: and has its end bent outwardly, as denoted at H18; After the tube is in position, tube, centering collar and leg are welded together..

Reinforcing strips 90' are provided at the-tops of legs 20. These fit into the channels 85 of the leg parts 8| and are drilled to receive the legs 66 (Fig. '7) of the towel racks 65. One such strip is further slotted to receive the squared end 9| of roller 36.

Cap members I95 of suitable shapeare provided to close the upper and lower ends: of the legs, and provide a neat design.

I 'he legs are all made alike. To avoid having too many lines in the drawings, the detail struc tureof the legs is not shown. however, in Figs. 1 and-3.

The embodiment ofthe invention illustrated in Figs. 11 to 13 inclusive may be made exactly the same. as that already described except for the tub. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 11'. to 13; the tub I 0 is made of aluminum or some other suitable; light-weight material. This tub may be stamped or pressed intoshape. Along both its front and rear sides it has downturned' portions H and II 2 which form' hooksv by which-thetub may be. suspended from rods24and 25 when the stand is open. The tub is made of a heightito liebeneathdressing support 35 when the latter isopen and in use, as shown in Fig. 11.

When the stand is to be folded, the tub H1] does not fold. Instead it is lifted out and suspended by hook portion ill or I H from red 26 or rod 24. It will swing into the opening between the two pairs of legs and will be out of the way. as shown in Fig. 12. Here, the tub is shown hanging by hook portion I I2 from bar 26;

To avoid sharp edges the sides of the tub are turned down at their tops as indicated at H3 and. H4; The bottom H5 ofthe tub-may be sloped to one sideofthe: tub to permit easy drainage and a hose connection H6 may be provided through which the water may be discharged.

The aluminum tub, especially when made from a stamping, is cheaper than a canvas or rubber tub. It will not wear out. Moreover, it is so light that it can easily be picked up and carried even when filled with water. Hence it can be taken to or from the sink for filling or emptying. It is not necessary, as has been the case in the past, to carry a pot or kettle back and forth between sink and tub to fill or empty the tub.

A stand constructed according to either of the described embodiments of the invention is rigid, sturdy, convenient and relatively inexpensive. The invention is capable of still further modification, and it will be understood that this application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which the invention pertains and as may be applied to the essential features hereinbefore set forth and as fall within the scope of the invention or the limits of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. The combination with a folding stand comprising two longitudinally-spaced pairs of front and rear legs, means pivotally connecting the pairs of legs together so that they may be opened or closed, and longitudinally extending bars conmeeting the front and rear legs at their tops and adapted to support a tub, of a roller mounted on the rear legs, a flexible sheet secured at one end to said roller, said roller having means incorporated therein for automatically winding up the sheet thereon, a longitudinally extending rod to which the free, forward end of the sheet is attached, and a pair of arms, each of which is connected at one end to one end of the rod, and each of which is pivotally connected at its opposite end to the stand to pivot about the same center as the legs of the stand.

2. The combination with a folding stand comprising two longitudinally-spaced pairs of front and rear legs, means pivotally connecting the legs together so that they may be opened or closed, and longitudinally extending bars connecting the front and the rear legs at their tops and adapted to support a tub, of a roller mounted on the rear legs, a flexible sheet secured at one end to said roller, said roller having means incorporated therein for automatically winding up the sheet thereon, a longitudinally extending rod to which the free, forward end of the sheet is attached, a pair of arms, each of which is connected at one end to the rod, and each of which is pivotally mounted at its opposite end on the stand to pivot about the same center as the legs of the stand, a pivoted brace connecting each arm with one of the legs of the stand, and foot-operated means connected to the braces for opening and closing the braces to cause the sheet to be extended or to permit it to be wound upon the roller.

3. The combination with a folding stand comprising two longitudinally-spaced pairs of front and rear legs, means pivotally connecting the legs together so that they may be opened or closed, and longitudinally extending bars connecting the front and the rear legs at their tops and adapted to support a tub, of a roller mounted on the rear legs, a flexible sheet secured at one end to said roller, said roller having means incorporated 8 therein for automatically winding up the sheet thereon, a longitudinally extending rod to which the free, forward end of the sheet is attached, a pair of arms, each of which is connected at one end to the rod, and each of which is pivotally mounted at its opposite end on the stand to pivot about the same center as the legs of the stand, a pivoted brace connecting each arm with one of the legs of the stand, a pair of food treadles, and means operatively connecting the two treadles with the brace so that, when one foot treadle is stepped upon, the brace is opened to extend the sheet, and when the other foot treadle is stepped upon the brace is folded to permit the sheet to be wound upon the roller.

4. The combination with a folding stand comprising two longitudinally-spaced pairs of front and rear legs, means pivotally connecting the pairs of legs together at a point intermediate their ends so that they may be opened or folded, and two longitudinally extending bars connecting the front and the rear legs at their tops and adapted to support a tub, of a rigid, one piece, U-shaped rack one of whose free ends is pivotally mounted in aligned holes formed in one of the bars and one leg, and the other of whose free ends may be mounted in aligned holes formed in the other bar and a leg when the legs are swung open, and the rack is swung to operative position, said rack, when so mounted in operative position, being adapted to hold the legs open and prevent accidental pivotal closing movement thereof.

5. The combination with a folding stand comprising two longitudinally-spaced pairs of front and rear legs, means pivotally connecting the pairs of legs together at a point intermediate their ends so that they may be opened or folded, and two longitudinally extending bars connecting the front and the rear legs at their tops and adapted to support a tub, of a towel rack having means thereon for supporting towels and mounted on one of said bars and adapted to be swung to a position to engage the other bar, also, when the legs are open, to hold the legs open and prevent accidental pivotal closing movement of the legs.

6. The combination with a folding stand comprising two longitudinally-spaced pairs of front and rear legs, means pivotally connecting the pairs of legs together at a point intermediate their ends so that they may be opened or folded, and two longitudinally extending bars connecting the front and the rear legs at their tops and adapted to support a tub, of a rigid, one piece, U- shaped rack, one of whose free ends is mounted in aligned holes in one of the two bars and one leg, and a keeper, which is secured to one of the legs, said keeper having a hole therein into which the other free end of said rack is adapted to be engaged when the stand is folded, the other bar and cooperating leg having aligned holes into which the latter free end of the rack may be mounted, when the stand is open, to hold the rack in operative position and also to prevent accidental collapse of the stand.

'I. The combination with a folding stand comprising two longitudinally-spaced pairs of front and rear legs, means pivotally connecting the pairs of legs together at a point intermediate their ends so that they may be opened or folded, and two longitudinally extending bars connecting the front and the rear legs at their tops and adapted to support a tub, of a rigid, one-piece towel rack of U-shape, one of whose legs is shorter than the other, the two bars having holes therein at one end and the adjoining legs of the stand having aligned holes therein, one set of aligned holes being adapted to receive the longer leg of the rack, the other set of aligned holes being adapted to receive the shorter leg of the rack, when the stand is open to hold the rack in operative position and also to prevent accidental collapse of the stand, and a keeper fastened to the stand to hold the shorter leg of the rack when the stand is folded to keep the rack from swinging.

8. The combination with a folding stand comprising two longitudinally-spaced pairs of front and rear legs, means pivotally connecting each pair of legs at a point intermediate the ends of the legs, a bar extending longitudinally between the two pivot points, and two other longitudinally extending bars connecting the front legs and the 1 rear legs, respectively, adjacent their tops, of a rigid tub, said tub being provided with hookshaped hangers at front and rear by which said tubs may be suspended from the last two named rods in horizontal position when the stand is open, said tub being of a width less than the distance between either of the two top bars and the bar which extends between the pivot points, whereby the tub may be suspended by one of its hangers from one of said two last named rods in approximately vertical position when the stand is folded, and a dressing support connected to the rear legs at their tops and movable from an inoperative position at the rear of said stand to an operative position overlying said tub.

9. The combination with a folding stand comprising two longitudinally-spaced pairs of front and rear legs, means pivotally connecting the pairs of legs together so that they may be opened or closed, and parallel longitudinal bars connecting the front and rear legs at the tops thereof and adapted to support a tub, a dressing support comprising a flexible sheet, a roller to which one 10 end of the sheet is secured, said roller being mounted on the rear legs of the stand and having means incorporated therein to wind up said sheet automatically, and means for moving the sheet from wound-up position to extended position overlying said tub, and vice versa, a bracket mounted on the tops of the rear legs above said roller, and a rack supported for swinging movement from one of said bars and having a free end adapted to be mounted on the other of said bars when the stand is open to hold the rack in operative position and also to connect the two legs so that they are prevented from being accidentally folded.

LEONARD W. SCHWARTZ.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 667,567 Page Feb. 5, 1901 1,288,347 Wilson Dec. 17, 1918 1,391,650 Truesdell et al Sept. 20, 1921 1,451,285 Ward Apr. 10, 1923 1,466,047 Johnstone Apr. 28, 1923 1,510,596 Kennedy Oct. 7, 1924 1,582,756 Jennings Apr. 27, 1926 1,724,479 Havener Aug. 13, 1929 1,994,210 Chobert Mar. 12, 1935 2,102,959 Kennedy Dec. 21, 1937 2,113,689 Haban Apr. 12, 1938 2,140,685 Baxter Dec. 20, 1938 2,197,609 Cornell Apr. 16, 1940 2,203,223 Kennedy June 4,- 1940 2,254,004 De Puy Aug. 26, 1941 2,374,110 Lewis Apr. 17, 1945 2,434,800 Hollander Jan. 20,1948 

